BS-4 or BS-IV (Bharat Stage 4) Emission norms are a set of norms and rules which set the guidelines for the permissible emission levels. The Emission norms are classified under category of vehicles i.e. Commercial Vehicle, Passenger Vehicle, Light Duty , Heavy Duty Vehicle etc. & further classified under Diesel & Petrol (Gasoline) engine.
Maruti Suzuki Estilo has a BS-IV compliant K-series engine. Bharat Stage emissions standards are emissions standards instituted by the Government of the Republic of India (Bharat) that regulate the output of air pollutants (such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter (PM), soot, and, where applicable, sulfur oxides (SOx) by internal combustion engine powered equipment, including motor vehicles, or other air polluting facilities or equipment. In many cases they are similar to European emissions standards.
Comparison between Bharat Stage and Euro norms
The Bharat Stage norms have been styled to suit specific needs and demands of Indian conditions. The differences lie essentially in environmental and geographical needs, even though the emission standards are exactly the same.
For instance, Euro-III is tested at sub-zero temperatures in European countries. In India, where the average annual temperature ranges between 24 and 28 degree Celsius, the test is done away with.
Another major distinction is in the maximum speed at which the vehicle is tested. A speed of 90 km/h is stipulated for BS-III, whereas it is 120 km/h for Euro-III, keeping emission limits the same in both cases.
In addition to limits, test procedure has certain finer points too. For instance, the mass emission test measurements done in g/km on a chassis dynamometer requires a loading of 100 kg weight in addition to unloaded car weight in Europe. In India, BS-III norms require an extra loading of 150 kg weight to achieve the desired inertia weight mainly due to road conditions here.
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